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levels are perceived to be rising. This is because inflation erodes purchasing power, thus demand, for that particular currency. However, a currency may sometimes strengthen when inflation rises because of expectations

that the central bank will raise short-term interest rates to combat rising inflation.
Economic growth and health: Reports such as GDP,

employment levels, retail sales, capacity utilization and others, detail the levels of a country's economic growth and health. Generally, the more healthy and robust a country's economy, the better its currency

will perform, and the more demand for it there will be.
Productivity of an economy: Increasing productivity in an

economy should positively influence the value of its currency. Its effects are more prominent if the increase is in the traded sector.[73]
Political conditions[edit]

Flights to quality: Unsettling international events can lead to a "flight-to-quality", a type of capital flight whereby investors move their assets to a perceived "safe haven". There will be a greater demand, thus a higher price,

for currencies perceived as stronger over their relatively weaker counterparts. The U.S. dollar, Swiss franc and gold have been traditional safe havens during times of political or economic uncertainty.[74]

Long-term trends: Currency markets often move in visible long-term trends. Although currencies do not have an annual growing season like physical commodities, business cycles do make themselves felt.

Cycle analysis looks at longer-term price trends that may rise from economic or political trends.[75]
"Buy the rumor, sell the fact": This market truism can apply to many currency situations.

It is the tendency for the price of a currency to reflect the impact of a particular action before it occurs and, when the anticipated event comes to pass, react in exactly the opposite direction.

This may also be referred to as a market being "oversold" or "overbought".[76] To buy the rumor or sell the fact can also be an example of the cognitive bias known as anchoring,

when investors focus too much on the relevance of outside events to currency prices.
Economic numbers: While economic numbers can certainly reflect economic policy,
A foreign exchange option (commonly shortened

some reports and numbers take on a talisman-like effect: the number itself becomes important to market psychology and may have an immediate impact on short-term market moves. "What to watch" can change over time.

In recent years, for example, money supply, employment, trade balance figures and inflation numbers have all taken turns in the spotlight.

Technical trading considerations: As in other markets, the accumulated price movements in a currency pair such as EUR/USD can form apparent patterns that traders may attempt to use. Many traders study price charts in order to identify such patterns.[77]