Assalamu Alaikum Dosto!
Futures Trading
Market mein kai retail investors long-term strategies ka istemal karte hain aur aam taur par khud ko kuch stocks, bonds, aur aik ya do foreign currencies mein hi limit karte hain. Lekin, stock exchanges traders ko bohot se aur instruments offer karte hain. Khaas kar, futures market par mojood derivatives ko maharat se istemal karke, chhote arsay ke market fluctuations se bhi khaas munafa kamaya ja sakta hai. Lekin aksar retail investors futures contracts ke sath kaam nahi karte, bas is liye ke unhe ye bohot mushkil lagti hai aur unhe pata nahi hota ke futures trading kaise hoti hai.
Is qisam ki faaliyat ko trading ke sab se best areas mein se ek qarar diya jata hai. Is dauran is ilaqa mein sab se zyada izafah dekha gaya hai. Futures ka matlab hota hai aik khaas asset ka mustaqbil mein khareed ya farokht ke liye aik mua'qadah. Isme ye tay kiya jata hai ke ye kab hoga. Contract ka subject ho sakta hai:
- - securities;
- - commodities;
- - currency;
- - interest rates aur doosre qisam ke assets.
Futures trading bohot risk wala kaam lag sakta hai. Lekin ye khauf ho sakta hai. Har trading mein khatra shamil hota hai kyun ke ye aapke karobar ko banwa sakta hai ya bigar sakta hai. Sahi taur par kaam karnay se aap munafa kamayenge, jo aapko faiday mein le aayega.
Ye kaise kaam karta hai? Misal ke taur par, agar aap gehun bech rahe hain, aur abhi 1 ton ke liye qeemat $100 hai. Lekin tajaweez ke mutabiq, achi ****l ka intezar hai. Is surat mein, market mein zyada supply hone wali hai, jo ke prices mein girawat la sakti hai. Aap achi munafa kamane ke liye mutabaqat karte hain ke gehun ko $100 par dena hoga. Contract mein tay hota hai keh delivery ki date zaroor hogi. Maan lijiye ke us waqt 1 ton gehun ki qeemat $50 ho jati hai. Lekin khareedar phir bhi aap se pehle tay shuda qeemat par hi gehun khareedega. Is natijay mein, aap badi munafa mein hain.
Chaliye ek ulta tasawwur pesh karte hain. Aap ne aik futures contract banaya hai, lekin saal mein kharab ****l ho gayi hai, aur gehun ki qeemat $150 tak chali gayi hai. Lekin aapko majboor kiya gaya hai ke aap use $100 par bechen, jo ke aik nuksan se barabar hai.
Futures trading aik aesa process hai jahan aap seller ya buyer ke tor par kaam karte hain. Daane, tel, sona, petrol, aur currencies mein tajaweezat hoti hain. Is tarah se aap mukhtalif assets par paisa kamane mein kamyab ho sakte hain.
Futures Trading Kyun Use Karein
Future trading aik standardized exchange-traded hota hai jo ke aane wale waqt mein parties ko aik makhsoos qeemat par asset khareedne ya bechne ka mustaqil faisla karne par majboor karta hai. Futures trading ke kuch key features hain:
- - Underlying asset ki qeemat contract ke waqat fix hoti hai;
- - Contract tay ho raha hota hai us waqt jab asset ki poori miqdaar ya quantity aapke account mein mojood hona zaroori nahi hoti. Collateral, jo ke aam taur par asal contract volume se kai martaba kam hoti hai, kafi hoti hai;
- - Futures ki qeemat underlying asset ke spot price se mukhtalif hoti hai. Alag muddat ke contracts ke liye, in prices mein farq hota hai.
Is se futures contracts ke istemal ke kuch tareeqay paida hote hain.
Hedging
Risks se bachne ke liye futures buy karna investor ke liye asool hai, jisse ye investor ko makhsoos asset ki keemat mein na-pasandidgiyon se bachaye rakhta hai. Is taur ka approach ye hai keh aapne dono taraf positions kholi hoti hain taa keh aik taraf ki nuksan dosri taraf ki munafa se mawafiq ho.
Chaliye is misal ke zariye samjhte hain. Ek investor ke paas 1000 shares hain jo "buy and hold" strategy ke mutabiq khareedi gayi hain. Investor in assets ko bechnay ka irada nahi rakhta, hatta ke crisis ke doraan bhi, lekin unko chahte hain ke portfolio ko shares ki qeemat mein girawat se bachaya jaaye. Portfolio ko hedge karne ke liye, unko 10 futures contracts bechnay hote hain (contract mein shares ki tadad 100 hoti hai; 10 futures se 1,000 shares ke barabar ho jayenge). Natijatan, jab quotes girte hain, investor regularly variation margin ke roop mein income haasil karenge, jo shares ki qeemat mein girawat ko mawafiq kar dega. Jab niche ki taraf movement khatam ho jata hai, toh investor futures position band kar dega. Account par hue munafa nuksan ko puri tarah se kheench lega. Spot position waisi hee rahegi.
Hedging ke liye ek aur kam zahiri option hai. Investor ko ye yakeen hai ke share ki qeemat aaj ke din kam se kam ho gayi hai, aur ab inhen khareedne ka behtareen waqt aaya hai. Lekin investor ke paas is waqt 1000 shares khareedne ke liye paisay nahi hain, lekin unko yakeen hai ke do mahinay mein paisay mil jayenge. Us waqat tak, securities ki qeemat kafi zyada ho sakti hai, aur khareedna itna munafa bakhsh nahi hoga. Shares ko behtar qeemat par hasil karne ke liye, investor ne 10 futures contracts khareede hote hain (jo ke account par security ki rakam honi chahiye) jin ki muddat funds dastyab hone ke tajaweez ke mutabiq qareeb aa rahi hoti hai. Contract khatam hone par, investor ne contract mein tay ki gayi qeemat par 1,000 shares ke liye adaegi karni hoti hai. Lekin agar investor ne expiration time se pehle contract ko bech diya hai, toh futures par muqarrar margin se mawafiq variation margin ko adaa kar dena kaafi hota hai ke shares ko zyada keemat par khareedne ka nuksan ho.
Speculation
Futures ki zyada guarantee underlying asset ke corresponding volume ke qeemat se kai guna kam hoti hai, isme speculativ munafa kamane ke liye bohot mauqa hota hai.
Futures mein transactions ki high liquidity ki wajah se ye asset popular hai. Traders ko badi leverage ke hisab se trade karne ki bhi ijaazat hoti hai. Is case mein, munafa khareed aur bechne ke price mein farq se hasil hota hai.
Ye tajaweez ke taur par bohot zyada hai aur iski madad se chand muddat mein achay paisay kamaye ja sakte hain. Ek aur faida ye hai ke iske commission rate, is case mein, stock market ke muqablay mein kam hota hai.
Nuksan mein bhi munafa kamane ka aik aur option hai short selling. Jo investors futures ko kaise short karna jante hain, unko girte hue quotes se munafa kamane ka behtareen mauqa milta hai.
Dhyan dein ke futures transactions se haasil hone wala munafa underlying asset ki qeemat mein hone wale tabadlay se milta nahi hai. Iska jawaz contract pricing mein hota hai, jo ke long-term risks ke alawa underlying asset ke value ko bhi shamil karta hai. Lekin is farq mein farq kam hota hai; ye long-term contracts ke liye short-term contracts ke muqablay mein zyada hota hai.
Arbitrage
Futures contracts istemaal karnay mein arbitrage operations ke liye istemal ho saktay hain:
- Spread mein farq (common aur preferred) ek hi issuer ke alag-alag stocks ke darmiyan.
- Spread mein farq alag expiration dates ke futures prices ke darmiyan.
Pehle case mein, ek investor ek stock ke liye aik future kharidta hai (maslan, common stock) aur doosre stock ke liye usi expiration date ke sath aik contract bechta hai. Dusre case mein, aik investor maslan qareebi future kharidta hai aur aik doorani future bechta hai. Spot market par, arbitrage transactions ko lagbhag khatra muft samjha jata hai, lekin munafa chhota hota hai. Futures market mein, collateral ke istemal ki wajah se munafa darja buland ho jata hai.
Is tarah se, futures trading nihayat munafa bakhsh ho sakti hai. Jaise ke margin trading mein, jo munafa investor ko milta hai, wo practically be hisaab aur hadood hai. Is ke ilawa, tajwezgar market participants ko mazeed aamdani ke options ka bhi aaghaaz hai.
Lekin, collateral ke sath trading karna, yehi margin trading ka full analog hai, is liye khatray mein izafah hota hai. Haqiqatan mein, is case mein trader ka potential nuksan bhi kisi tarah se mehdood nahi hota.
Assalamu Alaikum Dosto!
Futures Trading Kaise Karein – Step-By-Step Guide
Zyadatar financial markets ke naye log aur bohot se taajir investors futures ke sath kaam nahi karte, kyun ke unhe yeh nahi pata hota ke futures market par sahi taur par trading kaise shuru karni chahiye. Lekin, isme koi bhi mushkil nahi hai. Trading ke liye aapko yeh karna hoga:[LIST][*]Broker Chunein: Kyunki futures trading sirf stock exchange par hoti hai, toh aapko ek broker choose karna hoga, jo aapko futures market tak pohanchaye ga. Aapko us broker ko chunne mein wahi criteria follow karna chahiye jo stock market broker chunte waqt karte hain. Agar broker aapko doosre derivatives markets, jese ke U.S. market, mein bhi access provide karta hai, toh ye ek additional advantage hai.[*]Brokerage Account Kholen:[*]Account Mein Planned Raqam Jama Karayein:[LIST]
Agar broker kuch trading platforms offer karta hai, toh aapko sab se munasib wala chunna chahiye. Har ek ko demo account par try kar ke dekha ja sakta hai.
- Trading Ke Liye Contracts Chunein: Ye tay hota hai ke kaun se futures trade kiye jayenge, is par kuch factors depend karte hain: investor ki pasandidgi, maqsad, chunte waqt istemal hone wali strategies, market activity, aur baaz auqaat. Maslan, ye tay karna ke kon se futures hedging ke liye behtar honge, ye portfolio ki structure par mabni hota hai. Isi doraan speculative operations ke liye, liquidity wale contracts behtar hote hain.
- Market Mein Dakhil Hone Ka Signal Intezaar Karein Aur Order Lagayein: Amli tor par, futures trading mein is step mein koi khaas farq nahi hota, jese ke stock ya currency markets mein transactions mein. Farq sirf analysis tools (jese ke futures ke liye technical analysis ziada common hai) aur capital management aur risk management ke taur par approach mein hota hai.
Order Execution Ke Baad, Open Position Ko Monitor Karein (Agar Early Liquidation Ka Irada Ho) Ya Automatic Calculation Ke Sath Expiration Time Ka Intezaar Karein.
Advantages Of Futures Trading
Futures trading mein amuman ordinary shares ke bajaye promissory notes ke kuch faiday hote hain. Forex trading ki experience ne trader ko mahangi leverage ki taraf aadat dal di hai. Lekin futures ke sath, yeh bilkul ulta hai.
Wo trader jo stocks khareed raha hai, ko securities ke liye paisa dena padta hai. Agar zaroori raqam mojood na ho, toh broker tayyar hai ise farahmi karna. Lekin trader ko qarz ke sath is qeemat ko chukana padta hai.
Agar futures khareeda ja raha hai, toh trader ko paisay dene ki zarurat nahi hoti. Asal mein, yeh toh munafa hai, is liye aapko sirf collateral dene ki zarurat hoti hai. Aam taur par, collateral ki miqdaar transaction ki miqdaar ka 10% hoti hai.
Ek aur faida hai ke transactions par paisay bach saktay hain. Stock market aapko stocks khareedne ki ijaazat deta hai, lekin aapko un securities ke malik hone ki malumat ko rakhnay wale depository ke sath bhi kaam karna padta hai. Futures stocks nahi hote. Inhen rakhne ke liye depositary ko paisay dene ki zarurat nahi hoti kyun ke ye toh sirf arrangements hain.
Different Exchanges Par Futures Ki Specifics
Duniya mein kai stock exchanges hain. Trading ke qawaid alag ho sakti hain. Maslan, American stock exchanges par cryptocurrencies ke futures trade kiye ja saktay hain. Is ke ilawa, ye bhi mojood hain:
- Stock futures
- Indices par futures, zyadatar systemically important companies par focus karte hain.
- Market volatility par futures
Futures ki aik khaas baat hai standardization. Asal mein, bechne wale aur khareedne wale ko contract ki qeemat par, sath hi muddat par bhi, muttafiq ho jana chahiye. Baqi points pehle se tay hain.
Amli tor par, qeemat market par depend karti hai, date exchange par. Aksar halat mein trader tay karta hai ke kya wo muttafiq hai ya nahi. Agar muttafiq hai, toh wo foran futures khareed sakta hai. Warna, use ek behtar offer ka intezaar karna chahiye.
Futures Trading K Risks
Trading mein paisay khona ka risk hota hai. Is mein koi guarantee nahi hoti ke aap future mein paisay kama paayenge. Aik maqool strategy sirf ye barhane mein madad karti hai ke faiday kiye ja saktay hain. Lekin kayi factors hamesha shaamil nahi kiye ja saktay.
Maslan, sab kuch kisi cheez ke istiqraar ya asool ke baraks ke liye keh raha hai, aur aik mahine mein tezi se uski keemat gir jaati hai. Aapne mojooda tajaweez par contract khatam kiya hai aur nuksan uthaya hai.
Leverage istemal kar ke transactions mein, aapko invest kiye hue funds ke nuksan ke alawa broker ke sath qarz mein bhi girne ka khatra hota hai. Is liye aise contracts ko bohot ihtiyaat ke sath karna chahiye. Unko naye logon ko istemal nahi karna chahiye.
Beshak, ghalati hone ka khatra hai, khaas kar agar trader naya ho. Is liye behtar hai ke chhoti raqamon se ghalati ki jaye. Is ke ilawa, training material ko nazar andaz karne se bhi bekaar transactions ho sakti hain. Trader apne ilmi base ko bharh kar aise malumat se faizyab hota hai jo trading mein istemaal ho sakti hai.
Is ke ilawa, yaad rahe ke aapko reliable brokers ke sath kaam karna chahiye. Un companies mein mat padein jo aapko 100% munafa ki guarantee deti hain. Hamesha bharosa aur itminaan ke sath platforms par trade karein.
تبصرہ
Расширенный режим Обычный режим