Money market vs capital markets :

Money market vs capital markets :

rading ko open ha large amounts ko directly government sa or trade karta ha khud sa or is ko sell karta ha individual investors ko. Jo individual investors hota ha ya buy karta ha directly Gove ki treasure websiteb sa or brokeInstitutions hota ha ya participate karta ha money market ma or ya include karta ha banks ko jo ka lend ak dosra par or jo large companies hoti ha ya eurocurrency karti ha.or jo time hota ha market ma deposit karna ka is ma companiesnraise karti ha money ko ya sab hota ha selling kar ka commercial paper ko market ma, jo ka brought kiya jata ha other conpanies ki traf sa ,or jo investors purchase karta ha bank C kaa ya al trha sa ak pillar ha global financial system ka. Ya involves hota ha overnight swaps par jis ma vast hoti ha amount jo ka bank or U.S government ka betch ma hoti ha. Jo zada tar money marketa transactions hoti ha ya take place hoti ha between ma financial institutions or companihol default ka significantly higher hota ha jo ka commercial paper sa or baknor government instruments sa.Jo individuals hota ha ya invest karta ha money ko market ma buying kar ka market ka funds ko ,short term deposit,municipal notes, or U.S treasure bill sa. Jab individuals investors hotmmerciata ha ya $1 ka hota ha. Ji miney market account hota ha ya offer karta ha higher interest rates ko is ka nisbat ma normal saving account ka, magar is ma higher account minimum MONEY MARKET VS CAPITAL MARKETS Jo ya a hesale market ma ,ya jo commercial paper ha ya ak bahot hi popular borrowing mechanism ha q ka jo intrest rate hota ha ya higher hota ha jab banktime deposits hota ha or treasure bills hota ha, or ya greater range ma hota ha maturities ma available hota ha ,jo ka overnight sa 270 days tak hota ha. Is ma jo risk hota haa to jo mrta ha bank customers. Ya jo money market ha ya characterized hoti ha high degree safety sa or ya huma relatively low rates dati ha return ma. Ya money market involves hoti ha purchase or sale ma large volumes ko bahot hi short term dept karna ma priducts ko, jasa ka overnight rel paper. Is ma individual invest karta ha money market ma jo ka purchasing kar ka money market ka mutual fund , Treasury fund, or opening kar ka money market ka acvount ko bank ma. Jo ya money market investments ha ya characterized hoti ha safety or liquidity sa ,is money market funds ma jo shares targeted hoserves or comono jo ka bahot hi short term ki investments par hoti ha. Agar wholesale level ha, ya involves hota ha large volume trades ka sath. Jab retail level hota ha, ya includes karta ha mony market ko mutual funds bought kar ka individual investors sa or ya jo money market accounts hota ha ya opened hota ha or is key market honey market hoti ha retail location ma hoti ha jasa ka ,local banks or U.S governments. Jo U.S government hoti ha ya issues karti ha treasury bills ko money market ma ,is ki jonmaturities ranging hoti ha ya kuch din ya ak year ma hoti ha. Jo primary dealers hota ha ya buy kartaDs sa wo safe place hoti ha money ko park karna ki short term ma. Bahot si jo wholesale transaction hoti ha way hoti ha consumers ka or components ka mony market ka mutual funds ka or other investments ka.

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Financial Markets

Different types ke financial markets hain aur unka analysis financial dawayon ke khasusiyat par mabni hota hai jo farokht honay wale maali dawayon ke hawale se hoti hain aur mukhtalif market shirkat karne walon ke zarooriyaat par mabni hoti hain. Ham mukhtalif qism ke markets ko pehchantay hain, jo dawayon ke qisam aur unki muddat ke mutabiq mukhtalif hotay hain.
Financial markets global ma'ashi mein ahem kirdar ada karte hain taake maali dawayon jaise ke stocks, bonds, commodities, aur derivatives ka tabadla mumkin ho. Ye markets platforms ki tarah hain jahan afrad, karobari idaray, aur hukoomat apna maal hasil kar saktay hain, funds ko lagasht kar saktay hain, aur maali khatron ko mohtasib tareeqay se manag kar saktay hain.
Financial ke markets mukhtalif marketplaces ko shamil karte hain jahan securities ka tabadla hota hai, is mein stocks markets, bond markets, forex markets, aur derivatives markets shamil hain. Ye karobari idaray ko sarfeen aur maal dene walon ke darmiyan maal ka mahir tareeqay se inteqal karne ki ijaazat dete hain
Capital markets woh jagah hain jahan funds maal dene walon (lenders/investors) aur maal lene walon (karobari idaray/hukoomat) ke darmiyan tabadla hota hai. Is mein primary markets for new securities issuance aur secondary markets for trading existing securities shamil hote hain
Stock markets companies ke shares ka kharid o farokht karne ko mumkin banate hain. Investors shares ke qeemat ke harkaat se faida utha saktay hain agar wo sasta kharidain aur mehnga farokht karain. Indices jaise ke Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) stock market performance ko nigrani karte hain
Bond markets mein companies aur hukoomat maal ikhtiyar karne ke liye bonds issue karke paisa ikhtiyar karte hain. Investors in debt securities par munafa kama saktay hain jab tak ye puri tarah se ikhtiyar na ho jayain
Commodities markets tabadla qadri ke asal resources jaise ke oil, sona, aur makai ka shamil hota hai. Futures contracts is market mein price fluctuations ke khilaf taqatwar hote hain. Yahan diye gaye tafseeli bayan mein financial ke markets ka bayan diya gaya hai search ke natayej par:

Capital Market

Capital market lambay arsay ke liye maal hasil karne mein madad karta hai, aam tor par 1 saal se zyada. Is mein ek primary aur secondary market hoti hai aur isay do bade subgroups mein taqseem kiya ja sakta hai - Bond market aur Stock market.


Bond market debt ikhtiyar kar ke financing faraham karta hai through bond issuance aur bond trading
Stock market company ke malikana haqooq ko shares issuance aur trading ke zariye faraham karta hai
Aik primary market, ya "new issue market", woh jagah hai jahan securities jaise ke shares aur bonds pehli martaba tayar ki jati hain aur trade ki jati hain bina kisi beech ka istemal kiye. Jab aik private company apni shares ko publically trade karnay ka faisla karta hai, to wo apni shares ko aik Initial Public Offering (IPO) ke tor par issue karta hai aur bechta hai. IPOs ek mukhattas reglate shuda process hote hain jo investment banks ya securities dealers ke finance syndicates ke zariye mukhtalif investors ko seedha bechtay hain.

Division of captial markets

Aik secondary market, ya "aftermarket", woh jagah hai jahan investors pehlay issue ki gayi securities jaise ke stocks, bonds, futures aur options ko doosray investors se khareedtay hain, baaz auqat issuing companies ke bajaye. Secondary market woh jagah hai jahan aksar exchange trading hoti hai aur jab log "stock market" ki baat karte hain to is se mutalliq hoti hai. Is mein NYSE, Nasdaq aur tamam bade exchanges shaamil hain.


Baaz pehlay issue ki gayi stocks mukhtalif reasons ki wajah se kisi exchange par list nahi hoti, balkay seedha dealers ke darmiyan telephone ya computer ke zariye trade ki jati hain. Ye woh stocks hain jo "over-the-counter traded stocks" kehlata hain, ya "unlisted stocks". Aam tor par, companies jo is tarah se trade hoti hain, exchange par list hone ke liye khas shirayat nahi puri karti hain. Aise shares ko Over the Counter Bulletin Board ya pink sheets par trade kiya jata hai aur ya to ye companies achi credit rating ke sath offer kiye jate hain ya penny stocks hote hain.

Money market

Money market economic units ko apni liquidity positions ko manage karne ki salahiyat deta hai through lending aur borrowing short-term loans, aam tor par 1 saal ke andar. Is se logon aur institutions ke darmiyan interaction hoti hai jo waqtan-fa-waqtan funds ke temporary surplus ya shortage ka samna karte hain.


Koi bhi standard instrument ke zariye kuch dair ke andar paisay udhaar liye ja sakte hain, jise "call money" kehte hain. Ye paisay aaj 12:00 PM se le kar aglay din 12:00 PM tak udhaar liye jaate hain, baad mein jo udhaar "on call" ho jata hai aur kisi bhi waqt call kiya ja sakta hai. Kuch cases mein, "call money" ek haftay tak udhaar liya ja sakta hai.


Is ke ilawa "call money" market ke alawa banks aur doosri maali institutions doosri waqton mein funds udhaar karne ke liye "Interbank market" ka istemal karte hain, raat bhar se le kar chand hafton tak aur aik saal tak. Retail investors aur chhotay trading parties Interbank market mein shamil nahi hote. Jab kuch trading banks apne clients ke liye karte hain, to zyadatar transactions ye hoti hain ke kisi bank ko zyada liquidity ka samna hota hai, ek funds ka surplus, jabke doosra ek liquidity ka shortage ka samna karta hai.


Aise loans ko Interbank rate par diya jata hai, jo ke banks ke darmiyan short-term loans par lagaya jata hai. Do counterparts ke darmiyan aik beech ka mufawad, jo ke dealer kehlata hai, ek bid aur ek offer rate ko announce karta hai jisme ke do rates ke darmiyan farq hota hai, yaani spread, ya dealer ka income hota hai. London mein Interbank interest ko LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate) aur LIBID (London Interbank Bid Rate) kehte hain. Paris mein humare paas PIBOR hai, Frankfurt mein FIBOR, Amsterdam mein AIBOR, aur Madrid mein MIBOR.

Foreign Exchange Market

Foreign exchange market foreign exchange trading ko asaan karta hai. Ye duniya ka sab se bada, sab se liquidity market hai jis ka rozana average trade shudah qeemat $5 trillion se zyada hota hai. Is mein duniya bhar ke tamam currencies shaamil hain aur koi bhi individual, company ya mulk is mein shamil ho sakta hai.
Forex trading aik ban-al-aqwami business ka bara market hai, jiss ka koi markaz maojood nahi hai. Iss waja se iss karobar par pori dunya k afraad bharosa karte hen. Forex trading market aik bari almi mandi hai, jiss ki rozana ki maleyat taqreeban 6 trilion dollar hai. Ye karobar roz ba roz bharta hi ja raha hai, jiss me pori dunya k investors dilchaspi le rahe hen. Forex trading me aghaz me currencies ka lain dain hota hai, lekin ab uss me dosre commodities jaise gold, oil, metals aur stocks ka bhi trading karte hen. Aaj kal ye market itni bari ho chuki hai, k pori dunya k stocks exchange bhi mel kar iss ka muqabela nahi kar sakte hen.
Forex trading aik 24 ghantay ki aala liquidity market hai, jis mein small start up sarmaye, small lain dain ke akhrajaat ke sath trading ki ja sakti hai jahan koi aik idaara jati trader market ki qeematon ko control nahi kar sakta.
Agar aap expert trader hain to, forex trading aap ke liye aik behtareen karobari jagah hai. Yeh aik aisa option hai jo aap ke liye aalmi market mein dastyab hai. Yeh intehai munafe bakhash hai, aur aap ko is ke daily zindagi mein bohat se fawaid haasil ho satke hain. Forex trading ke tamam fawaid haasil kar satke hain agar sirf aur sirf is soorat mein jab aap is mein expert hon. Doosri soorat mein, yeh aap ke kaam ka intikhab nahi ho sakta hai. Lekin is ki choti choti barikion ko seekhnay ke baad, aap ziyada munafe kama satke hain.

Commodity market

Commodity market pehli products ke trade ko manage karta hai jo kuch kareeb 50 bade commodity markets mein hoti hai jahan poora financial transactions physical purchases se aam tor par aagay nikal jate hain jo ko deliver hona hota hai. Commodities aam tor par do subgroups mein taqseem kiye jate hain.

• Hard commodities raw materials hote hain jo aksar khudai se milte hain, jaise ke sona, teel, rubber, loha ore waghera
• Soft commodities aksar paida kiye jate hain aur tarweej kiye jate hain jaise ke gehun, kapas, coffee, cheeni waghera

Derivatives Market

Derivatives market ye trading ko facilitate karta hai financial instruments jaise ke futures contracts aur options ke zariye jo financial risk ko control karne mein madad karte hain. Ye instruments apni qeemat ko aksar kisi buniyadi asset ki qeemat se derive karte hain jo ke mukhtalif shaklon mein ho sakti hai - stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies ya mortgages. Derivatives market do hisson mein taqseem kiya jata hai jo ke bilkul mukhtalif legal nature aur tarikon se trade kiye jate hain.

• Exchange-traded derivatives
  Exchange-traded derivatives ye standardized contracts hote hain jo ke organized futures exchange par trade kiye jate hain. Is mein futures, call options aur put options shamil hote hain. Aise muwafiq dawayat mein trading karna investors se pehle aik ibtidai depozit ka adaig karna hai jo ke clearing house ke zariye settle hota hai aur kisi bhi do counterparts ke liye unke zimmedariyon ko cover na karne ka khatra door karne ka maqsad rakhta hai.
• Over-the-counter derivatives
  Over-the-counter derivatives woh contracts hote hain jo privately negotiated aur seedha do counterparts ke darmiyan trade kiye jate hain, kisi exchange jaise beech ka istemal na karte hue. Aise securities jaise forwards, swaps, forward rate agreements, credit derivatives, exotic options aur doosre exotic derivatives aksar is tarah se trade kiye jate hain. Ye tailor-made contracts hote hain jo ke zyadatar unregulated hote hain aur buyer aur seller ko apni zarooriyat ko poora karne mein zyada flexibility faraham karte hain.
• Insurance market
  Insurance market mukhtalif risks ko transfer karne mein madad karta hai. Insurance ko aik entity se doosre entity ke liye nuksan ka khatra transfer karne ke liye istemal kiya jata hai exchange for a payment. Insurance market aik jagah hai jahan do peers, aik insurer aur insured, ya kehte hain policyholder, milte hain taake ek deal karna hai jo ke client ko ek uncertain loss ke risk se hedge karne ke liye primarily istemal ki jati hai.

Financial Markets ki Ahem Zimedariyan

Maliyat ke markets mukhtalif ahem zimedariyan ada karte hain jo maashi nashonuma aur mustaqil hone mein hissa daaltein hain:

• Assets Ka Inteqal: Ye savers se borrowers tak maal ka inteqal karne mein madad karte hain, jo karobari idaray ko operations aur investments ki madad faraham karta hai
• Liquidity Ka Intizam: Maliyat ke markets liquidity faraham karte hain, jo investors ko securities ko aasan tareeqay se kharid o farokht karne ki ijaazat deta hai
• Price Ki Talaash: Securities ki qeemat maliyat ke markets mein supply aur demand ke zariye tay ki jati hai, jo market sentiment aur expectations ko dharakht karti hai
• Risk Ka Intezam: Shirkat dawayon jaise derivatives ka istemal price fluctuations ke khatron ko manane ke liye karte hain
• Maloomat Ka Tanqeedi: Maliyat ke markets securities ke baray mein maloomat ka raastay faraham karte hain bila kisi mazeed kharach ke, jo investors ko inform ki hui faislay karne mein madad faraham karta hai

Financial markets maashi nashonuma ke liye ahem hain kyun ke ye maal ka tajwaz ko behtareen tareeqay se tanzim karte hain, tijarat ko barhatay hain, aur karobariyat ko support karte hain. Ye individuals aur nations ke liye dolat paida karte hain taake savings ki izaafa aur productive investment ke mauqay faraham karein.