describe about portfolio management

Describe about Portfolio Management

What is Protfolio Management Introduction port folyo managment sarmaya kaari ke aik group ko muntakhib karne aur is ki nigrani karne ka fun aur science hai jo aik client, company ya idaray ke taweel mudti maali maqasid aur khatray ki bardasht ko poora karta hai. kuch afraad apni sarmaya kaari ke port folyo ka intizam khud karte hain. is ke liye port folyo ki taamer aur dekh bhaal ke kaleedi anasir ki bunyadi Tafheem ki zaroorat hoti hai jo kamyabi ke liye banatay hain, Bashmole asason ki taqseem, tanawu, aur dobarah tawazun. ahem take ways sarmaya kaari ke port folyo ke intizam mein asason ke intikhab ki taamer aur nigrani shaamil hai jaisay stock, bandz, aur naqad jo taweel mudti maali ahdaaf ko poora karte hain aur aik sarmaya car ke khatray ko bardasht karte hain. aykto port folyo managment ko wasee tar market ki karkardagi ko maat dainay ki koshish mein astritjk tor par stock aur deegar asason ki khareed o farokht ki zaroorat hoti hai. ghair fa-aal port folyo managment index ya asharih jaat ke make up ki naqal karte hue market ke return se milnay ki koshish karta hai. sarmaya car jarehana tareeqay se munafe haasil karne ke liye hikmat amlyon par amal daraamad kar satke hain, qadamat pasandana tor par sarmaye ko mehfooz rakhnay ki koshish kar satke hain, ya dono ka imtezaaj. port folyo managment ke liye wazeh taweel mudti ahdaaf, tax qanoon saazi mein tabdeelion par irs ki janib se wazahat, sarmaya karon ke khatray ko bardasht karne ki samajh, aur sarmaya kaari ke ikhtiyarat ka mutalea karne ki khwahish ki zaroorat hoti hai . Protfolio Management Strategy jarehana : aik jarehana port folyo port folyo ki mumkina kamaai ko ziyada se ziyada karne ko tarjeeh deta hai. aksar khatarnaak san-aton ya ghair saabit shuda mutabadil asason mein sarmaya kaari ki jati hai, aik sarmaya car nuqsanaat ki parwah nahi kar sakta. is ke bajaye, sarmaya car aik hi sarmaya kaari ke sath usay bara maar kar" home run" sarmaya kaari ki talaash mein hai. qadamat pasand : doosri taraf, aik qadamat pasand port folyo sarmaye ke tahaffuz se mutaliq hai. intehai khatray se dochar sarmaya car port folyo ke intizam ki hikmat e amli apna satke hain jo numoo ko kam karti hai lekin nuqsanaat ke khatray ko bhi kam karti hai. aitdaal pasand : aik aitdaal pasand port folyo ke intizam ki hikmat e amli sirf aik jarehana aur qadamat pasandana nuqta nazar ko mila day gi. dono jahanon se behtareen haasil karne ki koshish mein, aik aitdaal pasand port folyo ab bhi mein bohat ziyada sarmaya kaari karta hai lekin is mein tanawu bhi aata hai aur woh aykoytiz kya hain is mein ziyada muntakhib ho sakta hai. aamdani par mabni : aksar boorhay sarmaya karon ke liye ghhor kya jata hai, kuch log jin ki aamdani nahi hai woh aamdani peda karne ke liye –apne port folyo par inhisaar kar satke hain jis ka istemaal zindagi guzaarne ke liye kya ja sakta hai. ghhor karen ke kis terhan retire honay walay ke paas ab mustahkam thankhowa nahi hai. taham, woh retire honay wala ab doulat peda karne mein dilchaspi nahi rakhta balkay apni mojooda doulat ko zindah rehne ke liye istemaal karne ke bajaye. yeh hikmat e amli fixed income sikyortiz ya aykoytiz ko tarjeeh deti hai jo dyoydnd jari karti hain. tax mo-asar : jaisa ke oopar behas ki gayi hai, sarmaya car bunyadi tor par taxon ko kam karne par tawajah markooz kar satke hain, yahan tak ke ziyada munafe ki qeemat par bhi. yeh khaas tor par ziyada kamanay walon ke liye ahem ho sakta hai jo sab se ziyada capital gain tax brikt mein hain. yeh nojawan sarmaya karon ke liye bhi tarjeeh ho sakti hai jin ke paas retirement tak bohat taweel rasta hai. wroth aayi are ae ke sath shuruvaat karne se, yeh sarmaya car apni poori zindagi mein apna port folyo badhaane ke qabil ho satke hain aur jab woh retire hon ge to wapsi par kisi wifaqi tax ka saamna nahi karna parre ga . Challenge of Protfolio Management muntakhib kardah hikmat e amli se qata nazar, port folyo managment ko hamesha kayi rukawaton ka saamna karna parta hai jinhein aksar mukammal tor par khatam nahi kiya ja sakta. yahan tak ke agar aik sarmaya car ke paas faul proof port folyo managment hikmat e amli hai, sarmaya kaari ke port folyo market ke utaar charhao aur utaar charhao ke tabay hotay hain jo ghair mutawaqqa ho satke hain. yahan tak ke behtareen intizami nuqta nazar bhi ahem nuqsanaat ka baais ban sakta hai. agarchay tanawu port folyo managment ka aik ahem pehlu hai, lekin usay haasil karna mushkil bhi ho sakta hai. rissk aur return ko mutawazan karne ke liye asasa jaat ki classes aur sarmaya kaari ki masnoaat ka sahih imtezaaj talaash karne ke liye market ki gehri samajh aur infiradi sarmaya car ke khatray ko bardasht karne ki zaroorat hoti hai. matlooba tanawu ko poora karne ke liye sikyortiz ki aik wasee range khareedna mehanga bhi ho sakta hai. port folyo ke intizam ki behtareen hikmat e amli waza karne ke liye, aik sarmaya car ko sab se pehlay –apne khatray ki bardasht, sarmaya kaari ke ufaq, aur wapsi ki tawaquaat ko janna chahiye. is ke liye wazeh qaleel mudti aur taweel mudti hadaf ki zaroorat hai. chunkay zindagi ke halaat taizi se aur taizi se badal satke hain, sarmaya karon ko is baat ka khayaal rakhna chahiye ke kis terhan kuch hikmat e amli sarmaya kaari ki likoyditi ya lachak ko mehdood karti hai. is ke ilawa, irs tax qanoon saazi mein tabdeelian laago kar sakta hai jo aap ki hatmi hikmat e amli mein tabdeelion ko majboor kar sakta hai. aakhir mein, agar koi sarmaya car apni sarmaya kaari ka intizam karne ke liye kisi port folyo manager se rujoo kere, to is ke liye intizami fees lagey gi. port folyo manager ko aksar makhsoos regulatory reporting ke taqazoon ko poora karna chahiye, aur manager ki market ke baray mein wohi raye ya khadshaat nahi ho satke jaisay aap karte hain. port folyo managment ki aqsam kya hain? Types of Protfolio Management motay tor par, port folyo ke intizam ki hikmat amlyon ki sirf do kasmain hain : ghair fa-aal sarmaya kaari aur fa-aal sarmaya kaari. ghair fa-aal intizam aik taweel mudti hikmat e amli hai jisay tay karna aur bhool jana hai. aksar asharih saazi ya asharih saazi ke tor par jana jata hai, is ka maqsad kisi khaas market index ya bench mark ki wapsi ko naqal karna hota hai aur is mein aik ya ziyada exchange ( etf ) index funds mein sarmaya kaari shaamil hosakti hai. fa-aal intizam mein infiradi stock aur deegar asason ko fa-aal tor par khareed o farokht karkay index ki karkardagi ko maat dainay ki koshish shaamil hai. band ikhtitami funds ko aam tor par fa-aal tor par munazzam kya jata hai .