what is stock option

What is stock option

What is stock optionstock option ( jisay aykoyti option bhi kaha jata hai ), aik sarmaya car ko mutafiqa qeemat aur tareekh par stock kharidne ya baichnay ka haq deta hai, lekin is ki zimma daari nahi. ikhtiyarat ki do kasmain hain : pots, jo ke aik shart hai ke stock giray ga, ya cal, jo aik shart hai ke stock barhay ga. chunkay is ke paas stock ke hasas ( ya stock index ) is ke bunyadi asasay ke tor par hain, stock ke ikhtiyarat aykoyti ڈیریویٹیو ki aik shakal hain aur usay aykoyti aapshnz kaha ja sakta hai. aymplayi stak aapshnz ( esos ) aik qisam ka aykoyti muawza hai jo companiyon ki taraf se kuch mulazmeen ya aygziktoz ko diya jata hai jo muaser tareeqay se cal aapshnz ke barabar hota hai. yeh market mein tijarat karne walay stock par darj aykoyti aapshnz se mukhtalif hain, kyunkay woh kisi khaas coopration tak mehdood hain jo inhen –apne mulazmeen ko jari karti hai . Understanding stock option ikhtiyarat aik qisam ka maliyati aala hai jisay mushtaq kaha jata hai. is ka matlab hai ke un ki qeemat kisi bunyadi security ya asasa ki qader par mabni hai, ya is se akhaz ki gayi hai. stock ke ikhtiyarat ke muamlay mein, woh asasa company ke stock ke hasas hai. option aik moahida hai jo do fareeqon ke darmiyan aik moahida banata hai jis ke paas mustaqbil mein kisi waqt muqarara qeemat par stock ko baichnay ya kharidne ka ikhtiyar hota hai. qeemat ko hartaal ki qeemat ya werzish ki qeemat ke tor par jana jata hai . Stop option parameter stock option ke Amrici ba muqabla Europi trzin ikhtiyarat ke do mukhtalif andaaz hain : Amrici aur Europi . Amrici ikhtiyarat ko kharidari aur meyaad khatam honay ki tareekh ke darmiyan kisi bhi waqt istemaal kya ja sakta hai. Europi ikhtiyarat, jo kam aam hain, sirf meyaad khatam honay ki tareekh par istemaal kiye ja satke hain. 1 meyaad khatam honay ki tareekh ikhtiyarat ke muahiday sirf aik makhsoos muddat ke liye hotay hain. usay meyaad khatam honay ki tareekh kaha jata hai. taweel meyaad khatam honay ki tarikhon ke sath darj aapshnz mein ziyada waqt ki qeemat hogi kyun ke zair-e nazar stock ke ghoomnay ke liye jitna ziyada waqt hota hai, itna hi ziyada paisay mein option ban'nay ka imkaan ziyada hota hai. option ki meyaad khatam honay ki tareekhen aik muqarara schedule ke mutabiq set ki jati hain ( jisay option cycle kaha jata hai ) aur aam tor par rozana ya hafta waar meyaad khatam honay se le kar mahana aur aik saal ya is se ziyada tak hoti hai. hartaal ki qeemat hartaal ki qeemat is baat ka taayun karti hai ke aaya option ka istemaal kya jana chahiye. yeh woh qeemat hai jis ki aik tajir tawaqqa karta hai ke stock ki meyaad khatam honay ki tareekh se oopar ya neechay rahay gi. misaal ke tor par, agar koi tajir shart laga raha hai ke mustaqbil mein international business machine coopration ( ibm ) barhay ga, to woh aik makhsoos mahinay aur aik makhsoos strike qeemat ke liye cal khareed satke hain. misaal ke tor par, aik tajir shart laga raha hai ke January ke wast tak ibm ka stock $ 150 se oopar jaye ga. is ke baad woh January $ 150 ki cal khareed satke hai.

Stock options financial instruments hain jo companies apnay employees ko offer karti hain, takay wo mukammal ya hadaf muqarrar ke mutabiq company ki shares ko kharid saken. Ye stock options employees ko stock ki khareedari ka haq detay hain magar unko stock ki haqeeqat naheen detay. Stock options aik aisa tareeqa hain jis se employees apni company ke saath talluqat ki ahmiyat mehsoos kar sakte hain aur company apnay employees ko khush rakhne ki koshish karti hai. Stock options ki shuruaat startup companies se hui jinhon ne pehli baar ye options apnay employees ko offer kiye thay. Ye startup companies apnay employees ko stock options ke zariye mukammal ya hadaf muqarrar ke mutabiq company ki shares ke kharid ke offer karti thin. Jab company aik bohat bari company ban jaati hai aur apni shares ko public kiya jata hai tou employees apni stock options ki shares ko bech sakte hain aur profit hasil kar sakte hain. Stock options kay do tarah hotay hain: call option aur put option. Call option employees ko stock ki khareedari ka haq deti hai jis se wo stock ki khareedari ka haq hasil kar sakte hain. Put option, employees ko stock ko bechnay ka haq deti hai, agar wo stock price jata hai tou wo usay bech sakte hain aur profit hasil kar sakte hain. Dono hi options employees ko stock ke andar ikhtiyar dete hain aur wo stock ki price ka faida utha sakte hain. Stock options ki terms and conditions kay liye kuch had tak mukammal flexibility hoti hai. Aik company apnay employees ko stock options kay different terms and conditions offer karti hai, jaise kay stock options ki khareedari kay liye kis tarah ki company ki shares ki kharid kar sakte hain ya phir stock options kab aur kis tarah se exercise kar sakte hain. Companies apnay stock options kay terms and conditions kay liye khaas qaid o kanoon ka paalan karti hain takay employees ko aur company ko koi masla na ho. Jab employees stock options ko exercise karte hain, wo apni options ki shares ko kharidnay ke liye kisi tarah kay fees dena hota hai jis ki qeemat stock price ke mutabiq hoti hai. Fees kay ilawa, employees ko capital gain tax ya phir income tax bhi dena hota hai agar wo stock options ki shares ko bechtay hain. Is liye employees ko apni stock options ki terms and conditions ko kisi expert ki salah kay baghair samajhna chahiye takay wo apni options ka sahi faida utha saken. Stock options companies ke liye bhi bohat faydemand hotay hain. Jab companies apnay employees ko stock options offer karti hain tou wo apnay employees ko company ke saath talluqat ki ahmiyat mehsoos karwati hain. Agar employees ko company ke shares ke kharidari ka haq diya jaaye tou unki khudrati tendency company ke liye kaam karna hoti hai. Is tarah se companies apnay employees ko motivate karti hain aur unki performance bhi behtar hoti hai. Stock options ki wajah se companies ko faida bhi hota hai kyunki wo apnay employees ko apni company ke shares ke kharidari kay liye stock options offer karti hain jo future mein kafi faida de sakta hai. Agar company ki shares ki qeemat barhti hai tou employees ko shares ko bech kar profit hasil kar sakte hain, lekin company ki growth kay saath unki loyalty bhi barhti hai. Is tarah se stock options aik win-win situation hote hain employees aur companies ke liye dono ko faida hota hai. Employees ko stock options ke zariye company ke saath talluqat ka ehsaas hota hai aur wo company ke liye kaam karne mein zyada interested ho jaate hain, jabke companies ko apnay employees ko motivate karne aur unki loyalty barhane ka mauqa milta hai. Stock options kay saath saath, aik aur concept hai jis se employees aur companies dono faida utha sakte hain, wo hai restricted stock units (RSUs). RSUs bhi aik tarah se stock options ki tarah hotay hain, magar in mein employees ko stock ki khareedari ka haq nahi hota hai, balkay wo restricted shares ko hasil kar sakte hain. Ye shares employees ko taqeedi muddat kay liye diye jaate hain, jaise kay aik saal, aur jab ye taqeedi muddat khatam ho jaati hai tou employees restricted shares ko cash mein convert kar sakte hain. Is tarah se RSUs bhi employees ko company ke saath talluqat ki ahmiyat mehsoos karwate hain aur companies ko employees ki loyalty barhatay hain.